Array Programs in C, C++, Java | Top Array Questions in Tests

Introduction

Arrays are one of the most fundamental data structures in programming. Whether you’re preparing for online coding tests, technical interviews, or competitive programming, mastering arrays is essential. In this guide, we’ll explore the most commonly asked array-based questions in C, C++, and Java, along with optimized solutions and explanations.

Suggested Visual: Infographic showcasing array advantages, types, and real-world applications.

1. Understanding Arrays

What is an Array?

An array is a collection of elements of the same data type stored at contiguous memory locations. It allows efficient data manipulation and access using indexing.

Types of Arrays

• One-dimensional arrays (1D arrays)
• Multi-dimensional arrays (2D and higher-dimensional arrays)
• Jagged arrays (arrays of arrays with varying sizes)

2. Commonly Asked Array Questions in Online Tests

2.1 Find the Largest and Smallest Element in an Array

Problem Statement:

Given an array of integers, find the largest and smallest elements.

Approach:

1. Initialize two variables, maxElement and minElement, with the first array value.
2. Iterate through the array and update maxElement and minElement accordingly.
3. Return the results.

Code Implementation:

C

#include <stdio.h>
void findMinMax(int arr[], int n) {
    int max = arr[0], min = arr[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
        if (arr[i] > max) max = arr[i];
        if (arr[i] < min) min = arr[i];
    }
    printf("Max: %d, Min: %d\n", max, min);
}

C++

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void findMinMax(int arr[], int n) {
    int max = arr[0], min = arr[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
        if (arr[i] > max) max = arr[i];
        if (arr[i] < min) min = arr[i];
    }
    cout << "Max: " << max << ", Min: " << min << endl;
}

Java

public class MinMaxFinder {
    public static void findMinMax(int[] arr) {
        int max = arr[0], min = arr[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) {
            if (arr[i] > max) max = arr[i];
            if (arr[i] < min) min = arr[i];
        }
        System.out.println("Max: " + max + ", Min: " + min);
    }
}

Suggested Visual: Flowchart illustrating the approach to finding min and max.

2.2 Reverse an Array

Problem Statement:

Reverse a given array in place.

Approach:

1. Use two-pointer technique to swap elements from both ends.
2. Continue swapping until pointers meet.

Code Implementation:

(Similar code snippets in C, C++, and Java)

2.3 Check if an Array is Sorted

Problem Statement:

Determine if the given array is sorted in ascending order.

Approach:

1. Traverse the array and compare adjacent elements.
2. If any adjacent pair is out of order, return false.
3. Otherwise, return true.

Code Implementation:

(Similar code snippets in C, C++, and Java)

3. Advanced Array Problems

3.1 Kadane’s Algorithm – Maximum Subarray Sum

(Solution with explanation and implementation)

3.2 Find the Missing Number in an Array

(Solution with explanation and implementation)

3.3 Move All Zeroes to End of Array

(Solution with explanation and implementation)

Array Programs Related Videos

Conclusion

Mastering array-based questions is key to acing coding interviews and online tests. Regular practice and understanding of problem-solving techniques will improve efficiency.